A broncholith is a calcified stone-like mass within the bronchial
tree, usually resulting from the erosion of calcified material from
adjacent lymph nodes into the bronchial lumen. This condition is
often associated with prior infections, such as tuberculosis or
histoplasmosis. The presence of a broncholith can cause
symptoms like chronic cough, hemoptysis (coughing up blood),
recurrent infections, or airway obstruction. Diagnosis is made
through XR or CT; bronchoscopy may be used to visualize the
broncholith directly and to aid in its removal if necessary. (Etesami)
