Assistant
Definition
By Gregory R. Waryasz, MD
The lateral collateral ligament of the musculoskeletal system is characterized by being strong and cord-like. It is also referred to as the fibular collateral ligament.
It is part of the knee joint. It consists of fibrous dense regular connective tissue of collagen fibers.
Its unique structural feature is that it a strong cord-like structure. The ligament is tubular in shape. It measures about 66mm in length and between 3 to 4 mm in diameter. The lateral collateral ligament has its origin about 1.4mm proximal and 3.4 mm posterior to the lateral femoral epicondyle ridge. This is posterior and superior to the popliteus tendon insertion. The lateral collateral ligament inserts into the fibular head.
The lateral collateral ligament as well as all other bones, muscles, and ligaments of the body are derived of mesodermal origin in the embryo.
The function of the lateral collateral ligament provides a primary restraint to varus forces and resists internal rotation.
Common diseases include ligament tears and sprains. It can be injured in combination with other structures in the knee.
The lateral collateral ligament tear and sprain is rare in isolation.
Commonly used diagnostic procedures include clinical history, physical exam, and MRI.
It is usually treated with surgery as the lateral collateral ligament is rarely injured in isolation. A nonoperative trial of physical therapy, immobilization, and NSAIDs can be tried for isolated injuries. Surgery can be performed either with a large open incision or performed with arthroscopy. There is usually allograft reconstruction for tears.
References
Elstrom J, Virkus W, Pankovich (eds), Handbook of Fractures (3rd edition), McGraw Hill, New York, NY, 2006.
Koval K, Zuckerman J (eds), Handbook of Fractures (3rd edition), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2006.
Lieberman J (ed), AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2008.
Moore K, Dalley A (eds), Clinically Oriented Anatomy (5th edition), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2006.