Assistant
Definition
By Gregory R. Waryasz, MD
The glenohumeral joint capsule of the musculoskeletal system is characterized by covering the glenohumeral joint.
It is part of the glenohumeral joint. It consists of a fibrous layer and an internal synovial membrane.
Its unique structural feature is that it encloses the glenohumeral joint. It is loose fibrous tissue that connects to the medial glenoid cavity and to the anatomic neck of the humerus. There are two openings in the glenohumeral joint capsule; intertubercular groove to allow for the long head of the biceps tendon passage and an anteroinferior opening that allows a connection between the subscapular bursa and the synovial cavity of the joint.
The glenohumeral joint capsule as well as all other bones, muscles, and ligaments of the body are derived of mesodermal origin in the embryo.
The function of the glenohumeral joint capsule is to provide some stability to the articulation of the humeral head and the glenoid. The weakest part is the inferior joint capsule due to the rotator cuffs not reinforcing this area.
Common diseases include fracture, dislocation, and tearing.
Commonly used diagnostic procedures include clinical history, physical exam, and MRI.
It is usually treated with physical therapy and NSAIDs. Surgery can be performed either with a large open incision or performed with arthroscopy.
References
Elstrom J, Virkus W, Pankovich (eds), Handbook of Fractures (3rd edition), McGraw Hill, New York, NY, 2006.
Koval K, Zuckerman J (eds), Handbook of Fractures (3rd edition), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2006.
Lieberman J (ed), AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2008.
Moore K, Dalley A (eds), Clinically Oriented Anatomy (5th edition), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2006.